Resource 5.1C: Indigenous Systems Examples

Hauora (Health System)

Purpose: Wellness of whānau, hapū, and iwi through holistic care.

Key Features: Spiritual, mental, physical, and family health treated together. Rongoā (traditional medicine) alongside modern healthcare.

Rūnanga (Council System)

Purpose: Community decision-making and conflict resolution.

Key Features: Consensus-based decisions, elder wisdom, collective responsibility for outcomes.

Kaitiakitanga (Environmental Management)

Purpose: Sustainable guardianship of natural resources.

Key Features: Seven-generation thinking, spiritual connection to nature, sustainable harvesting practices.

Whakapapa (Genealogical System)

Purpose: Connect people to each other, land, and knowledge.

Key Features: Tracks relationships, inheritance rights, cultural knowledge, and responsibilities.

Hui (Gathering System)

Purpose: Community consultation and collective decision-making.

Key Features: Everyone has voice, consensus seeking, shared responsibility for implementation.

📚 Teacher Resource Notes

Purpose: Provide concrete examples of indigenous systems thinking to help students understand how non-Western knowledge systems address complex challenges.

Ngā Whāinga Ako — Learning Intentions

Students will engage with this resource to build understanding of systems, governance, and civic action in Aotearoa New Zealand, connecting to Te Ao Māori principles.

Ngā Paearu Angitū — Success Criteria

📋 Teacher Planning Snapshot

Differentiation: Provide sentence starters or word banks for students who need scaffold support. Extend capable learners by asking them to find a real-world NZ example connected to this resource. Support ELL students with vocabulary pre-teaching. Adapt for neurodiverse learners by offering choice in how they record their thinking.

Prior knowledge: Best used after the relevant lesson or as an introductory hook. No specialist prior knowledge required.

Curriculum alignment